Verbs with Accusative or Dative Case in German - German Takeaways (2024)

Here is one of the most typical difficulties of learning German: knowing whether to use accusative or dative case with a verb.

In this post I’m going to explain the most usual verbs and how to distinguish between these two cases.

1. Verbs with accusative case

This group is the biggest of these two cases because the vast majority of verbs take the accusative. But … how can I know?

The answer is quite easy: in general, assume that all the verbs take theaccusative case (except those mentioned below in #2, these take thedative)!

The only exception is the verb sein that always has nominative.

Examples
  • Ich möchte/will/mag/trinke/bestelle keinen Kaffee.
  • Du hast/brauchst/isst/kaufst/verkaufst/verschenksteinen Hamburger.
  • Sie besucht/bringt ihren Vaterzur Arbeit.

2. Verbs with dative case

This group is very small. So small that you should learn by heart these verbs that only have one object in dative case:fehlen, folgen, gefallen, gehören, glauben, passen, passieren, schaden, schmecken, vertrauen, wehtun, es geht.

Examples
  • Wir folgen dem gelben Auto.
  • Das schadeteuch nicht!
  • Sie vertrauen ihrem Anwalt.

About half of these verbs are often used with inversion, i.e. the dative case is in the first position and the subject in the third:fehlen, gefallen, passen, passieren, schmecken,wehtun, es geht.

Examples
  • Mir fehlt noch ein Anzug! (Ein Anzug fehlt mir noch.)
  • Mir geht es blendend. (= Es geht mir blendend.)
  • Mir tut mein Bauch weh. (=Mein Bauch tut [mir] weh.)
  • Ihm schmeckt die Pizza nicht. (= Die Pizza schmeckt ihm nicht.)
  • Ihr passt die Hose perfekt! (= Die Hose passt ihrperfekt.)

3. Verbs with accusative AND dative case

There are also many verbs that accept both cases. But it is easy to distinguish which object is in accusative and which is in dative case: the person is always the dative and the other “thing” is the accusative.

Verbs:geben, schicken/senden, bringen, kaufen, schenken, leihen, sagen, erklären, erzählen, zeigen.

There are only 2 exceptions: fragen, kosten. These 2 verbs have a double accusative! (Ich frage es ihn. Es kostet mich nichts.)

Important: the dative object must be before the accusative object. Only in case theaccusative object is a pronoun, theaccusative precedes the dative.

Examples
  • Wir geben unserem Lehrer ein Geschenk. (= Wir geben es unserem Lehrer.)
  • Kaufst du deiner Oma Blumen zum Geburtstag? (= Kaufst du sie deiner Oma zum Geburtstag?)
  • Ich habe meiner Nichte eine Postkarte geschickt. (=Ich habe sie meiner Nichte geschickt.)
Verbs with Accusative or Dative Case in German - German Takeaways (2024)
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