What is Loan Syndication? Here are the Types, Examples and Process (2024)

Loan syndication is a process where lender parties collectively provide credit facilities to a borrower. Such loans fund large and complex expenses, like:

  • Expansion of a business
  • Infrastructural development by a company
  • Acquisition of other businesses
  • Merger with another company

Knowing the loan syndication meaning and process can help you when you apply for such a loan. Read on to get a brief overview.

What is a Loan Syndication?

It is not always possible for a bank or financial institution to fulfil an enormous financial requirement. Sometimes, these requirements can go beyond the bank’s risk tolerance.

In such a case, more than one financial company can come together to provide the required capital and divide the risk involved among them. This is called loan syndication, which is when lenders collaborate under a financial institution to provide funds to a single borrower.

The borrower may include a single business entity, individual, corporate company, or the government.

Loan Syndication Process

The loan syndication process includes several stages. Here are some details:

First stage

The first stage, the pre-mandate, involves initiating the loan request. You can either get in touch with a single lender or invite bids from different lenders. The appraisal process begins once you have selected the lead lender.

Second stage

The lead lender creates a credit proposal for the loan. This initiates the second stage, which involves loan disbursal. For this purpose, the lead lender collaborates with other banks. The loan disbursal occurs after other lenders participate and finalise the loan terms.

Third stage

The third stage of the loan syndication process is post-closure. This stage involves close monitoring of the escrow account where the borrower deposits the proceeds. The lead lender ensures seamless repayment to all the parties involved.

Example of Loan Syndication

Consider that a renowned company named ABC Pvt. Ltd. reaches XYZ Bank to get a loan of ₹80,000 crores to acquire another business entity. Based on ABC’s reputation, XYZ Bank decides to approve the loan.

As the amount is beyond the risk tolerance level of XYZ Bank, it decides to form a syndicate of several banks to finance this loan. XYZ, as the lead agent, provides ₹40,000 crores and four other banks join in with ₹10,000 crores each.

With this arrangement, ABC Pvt. Ltd. gets the loan amount, and the participating banks divide the associated risks and potential returns among themselves.

Types of Loan Syndication

There are different types of loan syndication you should know about:

Underwritten deal

This deal puts the obligation of loan payment on the lead lender in case the borrower fails to repay it. In simple words, the lead lender is the guarantor of such loans.

Best-offer syndication

Here, the lead bank participates with other lenders but does not take over the role of a guarantor. This can result in the under-subscription of the loan, forcing the borrower to accept a lower loan amount.

Club deal

Here all lenders pitch in an equal or almost equal amount for the loan. Subsequently, these lenders also receive an equal share of the fees.
Knowing the loan syndication meaning and process a little better, you can apply for credit for large projects when you need to. At Fibe, you can get easy financing for regular and big-ticket expenses by personal loan up to Rs.5 lakh. Simply download our Personal Loan App to get started.

FAQs about Loan Syndication

How does loan syndication work?

Loan syndication involves more than one lender collaborating to provide you with the required capital. In this way, lenders can offer you a loan amount that is beyond their individual capacity.

What is a loan syndication agent?

A loan syndication agent is a lead bank to which you give your mandate for getting other lenders on board. This agent can also be a guarantor of your loan.

Who are the loan syndication participants?

The participants are the banks that join the loan syndication process.

How is the loan syndication process structured?

In the first stage, you apply for a loan with a bank. Once approved, the lead bank then gets participating banks on board. The disbursal of the loan amount takes place when all loan terms are finalised. The lead lender oversees the management of your loan.

What are the features and benefits of debt syndication in India?

Debt syndication in India offers the following benefits and features:

  • Facilitates access to big-ticket credit for businesses with ease
  • Enables you to enjoy competitive interest rates due to the participation of different lenders
  • Makes loan management more efficient as it is supervised by the lead lender
What is Loan Syndication? Here are the Types, Examples and Process (2024)

FAQs

What is loan syndication with example? ›

Loan syndication occurs when two or more lenders come together to fund one loan for a single borrower. Syndicates are created when a loan is too large for one bank or falls outside the risk tolerance of a bank. The banks in a loan syndicate share the risk and are only exposed to their portion of the loan.

What are the four types of syndicated loans? ›

There are four main types of syndicated loan facilities: a revolving credit; a term loan; an L/C; and an acquisition or equipment line (a delayed-draw term loan). A revolving credit line allows borrowers to draw down, repay and reborrow as often as necessary.

How do you process syndicated loans? ›

All members join together to contact with borrowers through lead and agency banks. All banks collect information separately and go through many rounds of examination. Each bank signs contract with the borrower by itself. Each bank negotiates with the borrower separately with different terms of loans.

How does the syndication process work? ›

Syndication is the process by which banks and investors join to make a loan to a company (creating a syndicate of banks). With their client, the banks define the characteristics of the loan and work on key points to enhance the project.

What are the three types of syndication? ›

Three common types of syndication are: first-run syndication, which is programming that is broadcast for the first time as a syndicated show and is made specifically to sell directly into syndication; off-network syndication (colloquially called a "rerun"), which is the licensing of a program whose first airing was on ...

What is an example of a syndication deal? ›

For example, in an 80/20 split, 80% of all returns go to the limited partners/passive investors, and 20% goes to the syndication team. This means that for every dollar of profit the property generates, 80 cents go to the investors and 20 cents go to the syndication team.

What is loan syndication in simple words? ›

Loan syndication is the process of multiple lenders coming together to fund a large loan requirement of a single borrower. This process is required when the loan amount is so large that a single lender cannot extend it for two reasons.

Is a bank loan a syndicated loan? ›

A syndicated loan is a loan extended by a group of financial institutions (a loan syndicate) to a single borrower. Syndicates often include both banks and non-bank financial institutions, such as collateralized loan obligation structures (CLOs), insurance companies, pension funds, or mutual funds.

Who borrows a syndicated loan? ›

A syndicated loan is financing offered by a syndicate made up of a group of lenders that work together to provide funds for a borrower. The borrower can be a corporation, a large project, or a sovereign government.

What is the loan syndication fee? ›

One fee that borrowers should be aware of is the loan syndication fee. This fee is charged when a group of lenders comes together to provide a loan to a borrower. The fee covers the cost of putting together the syndicate, including legal fees, administrative costs, and due diligence.

What are the roles in a syndicated loan? ›

Key roles in a syndicated loan

The main roles of syndicated loan mainly involve a Bookrunner, Mandate Lead Arranger, Agent Bank, Participating Bank, Coordinator, Security Agent and Documentation Agent.

Why do banks participate in loan syndication? ›

Loan syndication, where a group of banks makes a loan jointly to a single borrower, offers several benefits. Syndication allows banks to diversify, expanding their lending to broader geographic areas and industries.

What is the first stage in the process of loan syndication? ›

The first stage of the loan syndication process is the pre-mandate stage which is initiated by the borrower. The stage involves the borrower either liaison with a single lender or inviting competitor bids from multiple lenders.

How does a syndicate make money? ›

A syndicate allows investors to participate in a lead investor's deals. In exchange, investors pay the lead carry. Here's an example: Sara, a notable angel investor, decides to lead a syndicate. The syndicate investors agree to invest $200k total in each of her future deals and pay her 15% carry.

What are the syndication phases? ›

A lot happens during a real estate syndication deal, and the process is divided into three phases: the origination phase, the operation phase, and the liquidation phase. Knowing what happens during these phases and your responsibilities during each phase can contribute to a successful investment for everyone involved.

What are the disadvantages of a syndicated loan? ›

  • Complexity: The process can be complex and time-consuming due to the involvement of multiple parties.
  • Documentation: Extensive legal documentation is required to define the terms and conditions for each lender.
  • Negotiations: Negotiations between lenders and borrowers can be lengthy and complex.
Feb 19, 2024

What is the job of loan syndications? ›

The Loan Syndication Officer is responsible for managing the process of syndicating commercial banking facilities, including conducting a review of the structure, pricing, relationship management, borrower expectations, production of Bank books, other distribution materials, and tracking the process and moving it ...

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